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Zucchini is a relative of pumpkin and squash. Depending on the variety, its fruits may have a different color and shape. The culture is very responsive to sunlight and water, which determines the conditions for growing such a vegetable.
The most popular varieties of zucchini
When choosing planting material, first of all, attention should be paid to domestic selection. To date, many foreign varieties have appeared on the seed market, which are quite painfully adapting to the conditions of our climate.
If we consider such a parameter as frost resistance, then only domestic varieties are suitable for the central and northern regions of our country. But for the southern regions, import options are quite suitable.
It is worth noting that foreign zucchini varieties on the seed market are presented in the form of hybrid plants, so our zucchini differ from foreign counterparts in their increased nutritional value and taste. Domestic varieties of zucchini also have a longer shelf life and are most preferred for canning.
To date, the best varieties of zucchini have early and super-early ripening. The first places in the ranking are occupied by the following types:
- Aeronaut (zucchini);
- Gribovsky 37 (white-fruited);
- Spaghetti;
- Iskander F1;
- Tsukesh.
These varieties have high productivity, early maturity and reliable resistance to various viruses.
Creation of a warm bed and features of agricultural technology
Growing zucchini from seeds can be done in two ways: seedlings and sowing in open ground. The first method allows you to accelerate fruiting, however, if you plant the material on a warm bed, then the vegetative lag will be almost imperceptible. In addition, the summer resident will be spared from home cluttering window sills with various seedlings.
Warm bed for zucchini is created according to the principle of a layer cake. Externally, such a piece of land is not remarkable, but the underground part of the ridge is capable of radiating thermal energy, which is so necessary for young plants in the spring.
In the area where zucchini is supposed to be planted, it is necessary to dig a trench 45 cm deep. The excavated soil, if it is fertile, will be needed later, so it should not be taken far. Organic material is laid at the bottom of the pit. It can be mowed grass, not rotten leaves, straw and even a newspaper. Then the layer is sprinkled with earth, and the remaining space is filled with last year's humus from compost. From above, organic materials are again sprinkled with the remaining soil. In conclusion, to shape, you can use galvanized beds or just fence the area with wooden sides.
The finished garden bed must be watered abundantly with water and covered with dark material after wetting. This must be done so that the underground layers begin to produce heat. To speed up the process, you can water the plot with fresh manure. During the preparatory period, some subsidence of the soil is sometimes observed, this problem can be corrected by adding ready-made humus. Digging such a plantation is prohibited.
It is worth noting that such a battery will work for 2-3 years. If such a technology seems to someone rather time-consuming, then in this case we can limit ourselves to warm pits.
Growing technology
Zucchini life begins with seed germination. Such a procedure must be done in order to have complete confidence in the quality of the seed. Despite the large size and rather thick shell, a quality seed pecks in a warm and humid environment for 3-4 days.
For many gardeners, planting zucchini seeds in open ground begins with a study of the lunar sowing calendar. It is customary to plant pumpkin crops on the growing moon, so when soaking the seeds, this fact should be paid special attention. Zucchini in their structure is 80% water, and therefore they are rather sensitive to the ebb and flow of vitality, which is controlled by a satellite of the earth.
Planting zucchini on seedlings is carried out in the second decade of April, and direct sowing in the soil, subject to the availability of a warm bed, can be carried out in the second half of May. Growing zucchini in a greenhouse in gardeners is not practiced due to the fact that this crop has a rather large green mass and requires natural pollination.
Outdoor zucchini care
Planting zucchini should be carried out in the morning or in cloudy weather. Several seeds are placed in a shallow hole at the same time at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. Later on, when shoots appear, the weakest shoots are removed.
During the formation of the first leaves, the culture needs good watering. However, it is advisable to carry out such a procedure once a week. When stretching the stem, make sure that the roots are not exposed. To do this, you can add seedlings to the base of the ground. Loosening and digging the soil around the plant is prohibited, since the surface root system can be damaged. It is best to mulch the ground with mowed grass or rotted manure.
Shrub and climbing varieties of zucchini tend to build up a large mass of greenery. To ensure access to sunlight, flowers, some leaves of the plant must be removed. Also, to increase productivity, you can conduct manual pollination.
Fertilizer application
Care for vegetable marrows in the open ground includes periodic top dressing of plants. While seedlings are in the seedling stage, additional nutrient application is not required. The first portion of fertilizer must be applied in preparing the crop for flowering. During this period, the plant requires growth vitamins and immunostimulants. It is best to carry out stimulating top dressing with a liquid solution of mullein.
It is very important not to overfeed the young seedlings, otherwise the zucchini will begin to grow foliage, and not the ovary. Reapplication of fertilizers will be required during the fruiting period. To improve the chemical composition of the product, the plant requires potassium and phosphate mixtures.
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